Who´s who in the Royal Pantheon?

Discover the history of the figures that are part of the Royal Pantheon in the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela.

Cathedral and cloister floor plan (1535)The Catedral de Santiago Foundation

The Royal Pantheon

In the Cloister of the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, we can find the space of the Chapel of the Relics, which also houses the Royal Pantheon. You can see its location in this map. 

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In this place,  kings, queens and illustrious characters who played an important role in the history of the Cathedral, are buried: Raimundo de Borgoña, Pedro Froilaz de Traba, Berenguela Berenguer, Fernando II of Galicia and Leon,  Alfonso VIII ( IX), and Juana de Castro.

Cathedral floor (Cathedral Construction: 1075-1211. Santa Catalina´s Chapel: 1535)The Catedral de Santiago Foundation

Originally, this Royal Pantheon was located in the space now occupied by the Chapel of Santa Catalina, but in 1535 it was moved to its current location, causing some confusion in some of the tombs. Join us to get to know the characters housed in the Pantheon. 

Sepulchre of Raimundo de Borgoña. (C.A. 1214) by Compostelan workshopThe Catedral de Santiago Foundation

1. Raimundo de Borgoña ( 1065-1107)

Son of Guillermo I and Estefania of Barcelona, he came to the peninsula from beyond the Pyrenees with the aim of collaborating with the Christian army against the muslim presence in the territory.

Raimundo´s miniature of Tumbo A (1129-1134) by Compostelan ScriptoriumThe Catedral de Santiago Foundation

He managed to prosper, becoming Count of Galicia, husband of Urraca and father of Emperor Alfonso VII. Having great power, he was able to intervene in the appointment of bishops, such as Diego Gelmirez, first archbishop of Santiago.

Raimundo de Borgoña sepulchre (CA. 1215.) by Compostelan workshopThe Catedral de Santiago Foundation

Raimundo de Borgoña or Fernando Alfonso? 

The transfer of the Pantheon to its current location makes it difficult to identify the tombs. Although this tomb is related to Raimundo de Borgoña, it could also be that of the infant Fernando Alfonso, the first-born son of Alfonso VIII (IX) of Galicia and Leon. 

Pedro de Froilaz Sepulchre (1926) by Maximino MagariñosThe Catedral de Santiago Foundation

2. Pedro Froilaz de Traba ( around 1075-1126)

He was a key figure in the history of Galicia. Rich and powerful, he represented the pinnacle of the Galician noble hierarchy and was responsible for educating the future King Alfonso VII and for directing the banquet at his coronation ceremony.

Sepulchre of Queen Berenguela (CA. 1230) by Compostelan workshopThe Catedral de Santiago Foundation

3. Berenguela Berenguer (1108-1149)

Queen of Galicia and León due to her marriage to Alfonso VII. Daughter of the count Ramon Berenguer III and Dulce de Provenza. Her marriage to Alfonso VII meant a firm political alliance between León-Galicia and the east of the peninsula, specifically with the Counts of Barcelona, as well as new forms of collaboration in the reconquering enterprise.

Print of Berenguela (CA. 1230) by Enrique MayerThe Catedral de Santiago Foundation

Berenguela was an essential advisor to many of the great figures of the kingdom, having a great deal of influence at court, which made her a popular and respected queen. From the first moment, she was very curious about the city of Santiago and the apostle.

Sepulchre attributed to Fernando II. (1230) by Compostelan workshopThe Catedral de Santiago Foundation

4. Fernando II de Galicia y León ( 1137-1188)

King of Leon and Galicia, son of Alfonso VII and Doña Berenguela. He played a decisive role in the completion of the work on Santiago Cathedral, as in 1168 he signed a privilege granting a lifelong pension to Master Mateo for taking charge of the work.

Miniature of Fernando II in tomb A (C.A. 1175) by Compostelan ScriptoriumThe Catedral de Santiago Foundation

His rule took place during a period of great cultural vitality in Galicia. He was an active promoter of urban centres and a key figure in the creation of the Royal Pantheon, as in 1180 he arranged for his burial here and that of his successors.

Sepulchre attributed to Alfonso IX (13th Century) by Compostelan workshopThe Catedral de Santiago Foundation

5. Alfonso VIII ( IX) de Galicia y León ( 1171-1230)

Son of Fernando II, he was the last monarch of the independent kingdom of Galicia and León, as his successor Fernando III “el Santo” unified the kingdoms with Castilla. During his reign, wars with the portuguese and castilians and strategic manoeuvres were commonplace.

Miniature of Alfonso IX (1210-1216) by Compostelan ScriptoriumThe Catedral de Santiago Foundation

He was a fundamental monarch in the history of the Cathedral and Galicia. It was during his reign that the Cathedral was consecrated in 1211. He also founded several cities and supported the pilgrimages to Compostela, trying to preserve the security of the Way of St. James.

Two sepulchres (13th Century) by Compostelan workshopThe Catedral de Santiago Foundation

Fernando II or Alfonso VIII (IX) of Galicia and León?

During the transfer of the sarcophagi to their current location, there may have been an exchange between them, so that the sculpture of the sarcophagus attributed to Fernando II of Galicia and León really corresponds to Alfonso VIII (IX) of Galicia and León, and vice versa.

Juana de Castro tomb (14th Century) by Compostelan workshopThe Catedral de Santiago Foundation

6. Juana de Castro ( ?- 1374)

From an important family of Galician origin, she was queen consort of Castilla and León  through her marriage to Pedro I, which earned her the nickname of the unloved as it lasted only one day.

Xelmirez (CA. 1289) by Abad Don SanchoThe Catedral de Santiago Foundation

These are the characters that make up the Royal Pantheon, but we must not forget others such as the bishops Teodomiro and Xelmirez,  queens Urraca and Jimena or Kings Alfonso III and  Alfonso VII... who contributed their bit to the history of the Cathedral.

Credits: Story

An initiative of the Santiago Cathedral Foundation in collaboration with the Diputación de A Coruña.

Direction: Ramón Yzquierdo Peiró.
Text: Claudia Gómez Cabrera and Laura Codesido Mella. 
Images: Santiago Cathedral Foundation.

Credits: All media
The story featured may in some cases have been created by an independent third party and may not always represent the views of the institutions, listed below, who have supplied the content.
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