Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky) Archpastor of the Russian Diaspora

Из архивных собраний Дома русского зарубежья имени А. Солженицына(Москва) и Свято-Троицкой духовной семинарии (Джорданвилль, США)

"After the October Revolution in 1917 and the Russian Civil War, millions of Orthodox refugees ended up outside their homeland and in need of pastoral care. In 1920, the Higher Church Administration Abroad was established in Constantinople. It was headed by a leading bishop of the Russian Church—the Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia, Antony (Khrapovitsky)."

Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia Antony, 1917/1920, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia Antony 1917 - 1920

From 1890 to 1895, Archimandrite Anthony was rector of the Moscow Theological Academy and then the Kazan Theological Academy, until 1900.logical Academy and then the Kazan Theological Academy, until 1900.

From 1906 to 1907 he was a member of the State Council, and from 1912 on, a member of the Holy Synod and doctor of theology. 

He won the most votes out of the three candidates for the Patriarchate, but the Moscow metropolitan Tikhon (Bellavin) was chosen by lot, and Antony was instead ordained Metropolitan.

Group of teachers at the Theological Academy, 1904/1904, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Group of teachers at the Theological Academy 1904

In March 1920 Metropolitan Antony left Russia and spent some time on Mount Athos, where he intended to “enter a cell”—become a monk.

In September 1920 he was invited by General P. N. Wrangel to the Crimea, occupied by the Russian Army. But already in November 1920, he was forced to leave Russia forever and to share all the burdens of exile with his flock.

After a short stay in Constantinople in February 1921 with other bishops and members of the Provisional Supreme Ecclesiastical Authority, he moved to the town of Sremska Karlovci in Serbia (then the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes), on the invitation of the Serbian Patriarch Dmitry.

Metropolitan Antony blessing monks of Saint Pantaleimon’s Monastery on Holy Mount Athos, 1920/1920, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Metropolitan Antony blessing monks of Saint Pantaleimon’s Monastery on Holy Mount Athos 1920

"Metropolitan Anthony in Sremski Karlovci"

Square in Sremski Karlovci, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Square in Sremski Karlovci

Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky) surrounded by his congregation, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky) surrounded by his congregation 1920

Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky) with Russian students from the theological faculty of the University of Belgrade, 1924/1924, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky) with Russian students from the theological faculty of the University of Belgrade 1924

Old Testament Trinity” panagia-reliquary of Metropolitan Antony. Collection of His Eminence, the Metropolitan of the Lavra, 1924/1924, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Old Testament Trinity” panagia-reliquary of Metropolitan Antony. Collection of His Eminence, the Metropolitan of the Lavra 1924

Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky) at his desk, E. Ivanshentsov, 1934/1934, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky) at his desk 1934

"Communication with members of the imperial House of Romanov in exile"

Metropolitan Antony stayed true to the Orthodox monarchic ideal, and maintained close ties with the members of the imperial House of Romanov in exile.

Open letter from the Grand Duke Nicholas to the Cossacks in 1923, 1923/1923, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Open letter from the Grand Duke Nicholas to the Cossacks in 1923 1923

Letter by Metropolitan Antony to Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich, 1927/1927, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Letter by Metropolitan Antony to Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich 1927

Letter from Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich to Metropolitan Antony, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Letter from Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich to Metropolitan Antony

The archival collection of the Solzhenitsyn House of the Russian Diaspora contains the correspondence of Metropolitan Antony and the chancery of the Synod of Bishops with Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich, the head of his General Chancery Prince N. L. Obolensky, as well as other correspondents.

Letter by Metropolitan Antony to Prince N. L. Obolensky, 1927/1927, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Letter by Metropolitan Antony to Prince N. L. Obolensky1927

Letter by Prince N. L. Obolensky to Metropolitan Antony, 1927/1927, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Letter by Prince N. L. Obolensky to Metropolitan Antony 1927

Text of the wire by Grand Duke Nikolas Nikolaevich, 1927, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Text of the wire by Grand Prince N. N. Obolensky

Metropolitan Antony was active in social and church activities related to the management of the Synod and the organization of the church life of the diaspora. 



The orders and encyclicals of the chairman of the Synod of Bishops were issued, and his articles and books were disseminated in the centers of the Russian diaspora.

Compilation of Christian Orthodox Catechism, 1924/1924, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Discourses of an Orthodox priest with a Uniate priest about the misconceptions of Catholics and Uniate Greek Catholics 1924

Encyclical by the Synod of Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church, 1927/1927, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Encyclical by the Synod of Bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church 1927

On June 29, 1927, under pressure from the Bolshevik authorities, the deputy of the Patriarchal locum tenens, Metropolitan Sergy (Stragorodsky) and the Moscow Synod issued an Epistle (declaration) “On the relations of the Russian Orthodox Church with the present civil authority,” in which a demand was made to the clergy abroad to “give a written commitment of their full loyalty to the Soviet government in all its public activities.” 



These demands were summarily rejected.The necessity of opposing a former student and friend was a great personal drama for Bishop Antony.

Article by Metropolitan Antony “Rebuke to the Epistle of the Moscow Synod” in the newspaper Novoe Vremya, 1927/1927, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Article by Metropolitan Antony “Rebuke to the Epistle of the Moscow Synod” in the newspaper Novoe Vremya 1927

The Metropolitan had great authority not only among the Orthodox, and he constantly drew attention to the tragic situation of the Russian people and the Church in Russia. 



He performed church services, visited schools, and other Russian diaspora institutions, and gave public lectures on such figures as Vladimir Solovyov, Leo Tolstoy, and Fyodor Dostoevsky.

Metropolitan Antony and Archimandrite Feodosy (Melnik) on the shore of Lake Geneva, 1928/1928, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Metropolitan Antony among the teachers and students of the Kharkov Girls’ Institute in Novi Bečej, 1930/1930, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Members of the Synod of Bishops, 1934/1934, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Metropolitan Antony and Archimandrite Feodosy (Melnik) on the shore of Lake Geneva 1928 Metropolitan Antony among the teachers and students  Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky) in Sremski Karlovci 1934

Visit of the First Russian Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich, of the Cadet Corps, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Visit of the First Russian Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich, of the Cadet Corps

Celebration of the jubilee of Metropolitan Antony (50 years service as a bishop), 1935/1935, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Celebration of the jubilee of Metropolitan Antony (50 years service as a bishop) 1935

In the early 1930s, Metropolitan Antony fell seriously ill. His legs were paralyzed, and he could no longer stand or walk.

Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky) during a church service, 1936, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Metropolitan Antony and his attendant Archimandrite Feodosy. The Visoki Dečani monastery, 1936/1936, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Archimandrite Feodosy at the bedside of Metropolitan Antony, 1936/1936, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky) during a church service 1935 Metropolitan Antony and his attendant Archimandrite Feodosy 1936 Archimandrite Feodosy at the bedside of Metropolitan Antony 1936

"Death and burial of Metropolitan Anthony"

From the funeral oration of the Serbian patriarch Varnava: “Metropolitan Antony should be placed in the same rank as the great hierarchs of the first centuries of Christianity… Only later can we appreciate him and understand what significance he had not only for the Orthodox Church, but for all of Christianity and all of humanity, as an individual in whom religious and moral principles found their highest expression in our time.”

Funeral service and burial of Metropolitan Antony, 1936/1936, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Funeral service and burial of Metropolitan Antony, 1936/1936, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Funeral service of Metropolitan Antony, 1936/1936, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Funeral service of Metropolitan Antony 1936

Funeral service and burial of Metropolitan Antony, 1936/1936, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Funeral service and burial of Metropolitan Antony, 1936/1936, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Funeral service and burial of Metropolitan Antony, 1936/1936, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Funeral service and burial of Metropolitan Antony 1936

Repose of Metropolitan Antony, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Repose of Metropolitan Antony

"legacy"

Metropolitan Antony left a rich legacy. His works were published and continue to be republished in Russia and abroad.

Discourses of an Orthodox priest with a Uniate priest about the misconceptions of Catholics and Uniate Greek Catholics, 1922/1922, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Discourses of an Orthodox priest with a Uniate priest about the misconceptions of Catholics and Uniate Greek Catholics 1922

F. M. Dostoyevsky as a Prophet of Restoration, 1965/1965, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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F. M. Dostoyevsky as a Prophet of Restoration 1965

The Moral Teaching of the Orthodox Church, 1967/1967, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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The Moral Teaching of the Orthodox Church 1967

Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky), 2006/2006, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky) 2006

From 1957 to 1963, a ten-volume biography of Blessed Antony was published in New York. It was written by the ROCOR Archbishop Nikon (N. P. Rklitsky). Interest in the works and service of the metropolitan is growing in Russia and abroad.

Metropolitan Antonii (Khrapovitskii). Archpastor of the Russian Diaspora, 2014/2014, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Metropolitan Antonii (Khrapovitskii). Archpastor of the Russian Diaspora 2014

Panagia of Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky) with an icon of the Theotokos, “Tenderness.”, From the collection of: Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies
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Panagia of Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky) with an icon of the Theotokos, “Tenderness.”

In May 2012, an exhibition was opened in Belgrade called “On the History of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia,” dedicated to the dramatic history of the Russian church in the diaspora, from Sresmki Karlovci (Serbia) to Jordanville (USA). 



A central part of this exhibition is devoted to the First Hierarch of the ROCOR, Metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky).

Archpriest  father Vladimir Tzurikov (Holy Trinity Seminary, Jordanville, USA) with Vitali Tarasevym, rector of the church of St. Trinity in Belgrade, served requiem on the grave of Bishop Anthony.

"Exhibition prepared by:

Father Vladimir von Tsurikov, member of the Council of Directors of the Holy Trinity Seminary, director of the Fund of Russian History; 

Inna Yevgenyevna Rozanova: deputy director of the Solzhenitsyn House of the Russian Diaspora;project coordinator: 

Tatyana Yuryevna Irinarkhova; artist: Yelena Valeryevna Abarenkova."

Credits: Story

Curator—Solzhenitsyn Centre of Russian Emigré Studies

Credits: All media
The story featured may in some cases have been created by an independent third party and may not always represent the views of the institutions, listed below, who have supplied the content.
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