Prehistoric Fashion

Traces of style from the past

Tarxien Colossal StatueNational Museum of Archaeology, Malta

One can only hypothesize about the way the prehistoric people clothed themselves. By studying skirts, dresses, accessories and hairstyles one can get a general overview of this intangible heritage.

Headless Seated Figure (-4100/-2500)National Museum of Archaeology, Malta

With no written records and no physical material evidence of prehistoric fashion can only be drawn by inferring from the actual artefacts found.

Clay Human Head Figurine (-4100/-2500)National Museum of Archaeology, Malta

Clothing, which would have been made from animal skins, that being their only resource, has never been found in local excavations since the material itself would have perished.

Venus of Malta (-4100/-2500)National Museum of Archaeology, Malta

So how can we be sure that these people clothed themselves? Most of the statues and statuettes we have seem to be naked.

Seated Headless Figure (-4500/-2500)National Museum of Archaeology, Malta

However, we have a number of statues which very evidently show skirts and in two instances there are two statues which seem to be wearing full dresses.

The Sleeping Lady The Sleeping LadyNational Museum of Archaeology, Malta

Skirts

The most common item of clothing apparent on the statues is the skirt. 

Tarxien Colossal Statue DetailNational Museum of Archaeology, Malta

Irrespective of the size of the statues, one can clearly see a recurring pattern.

Headless Standing Figure (-4100/-2500)National Museum of Archaeology, Malta

It seems that these ‘clothed’ statues were dressed only from the waist down, with the upper part of the body being shown naked.

Tarxien Colossal StatueNational Museum of Archaeology, Malta

With regard to the skirt, it is only its lower part which is decorated in a pleat-like manner.

Seated Headless Figure (-4100/-2500)National Museum of Archaeology, Malta

Dresses

There are only a few examples of full dresses in Maltese prehistoric representations

There are two stone statues of the seated type which were carved in a way as to show them wearing a full but relatively undecorated dress.

One of the two has a very visible neckline which shows that the dress had some basic decoration or accessory on the top part.

Face Carved into a Bead/Pebble (-4100/-2500)National Museum of Archaeology, Malta

Accessories

A number of accessories were found in burial sites together with other apparent personal belongings. This leads one to think that such communities used accessories which can be related to fashionable items.

Shell button (-5000/-700)National Museum of Archaeology, Malta

Excavations from burial contexts have yielded a number of semi-circular shell artefacts which have particular holes in the flat part. The interlinking holes were mostly two but occasionally four.

FiddleNational Museum of Archaeology, Malta

The interlinking holes found in these artefacts give an indication that these were used as buttons. The fact that they were found in burial contexts suggest that Neolithic people were buried with their clothing.

Bone implementNational Museum of Archaeology, Malta

Clothing material

What would their clothes have been made of? How were these clothes produced? Skirts, dresses, and any other type of clothing they had would have had to be sewn together. 

Tarxien Temples - ExcavationsNational Museum of Archaeology, Malta

Through the evidence of fragments of spindle whorls we can attest that some sort of spinning of yarn took place but it gives us no indication as to the actual material used.

SheepNational Museum of Archaeology, Malta

We can only suppose that sheep’s wool, through osteological evidence of sheep bones, would have been put to good use in this regard.

Bone implementNational Museum of Archaeology, Malta

Excavations have yielded a number of worked bones which greatly resemble sewing needles. It is fascinating to see how the Neolithic people maximize their resources by making use of all the materials they had at hand.

Embracing Couple Figurine (-4100/-2500)National Museum of Archaeology, Malta

Hairstyles

Did these communities groom themselves and have a particular hairstyle?

Clay Human Head Figurine (-4100/-2500)National Museum of Archaeology, Malta

Looking closely at a number of stone-carved or clay-moulded heads one can see a trend in hairstyle fashion.

Limestone Human Head Statuette (-4100/-2500)National Museum of Archaeology, Malta

A short chin-length bob-style seems to have been the predominant hairstyle at the time as most of the heads attest. However one will also note a few plaits.

Embracing Couple Figurine (-4100/-2500)National Museum of Archaeology, Malta

It stands to reason that some hair would have naturally been curly and this is also represented in some of the clay baked heads with incisions to give the impression of wavy or curled hair.

The Sleeping Lady The Sleeping LadyNational Museum of Archaeology, Malta

One particular hairstyle is that of The Sleeping Lady. In this case, the crown of the head is completely lacking any hair, therefore implying that that part of the hair was shaved off.

The rest of the hair is let down loose to shoulder length as can be seen from the incised lines.

Headless Standing Figure (-4100/-2500)National Museum of Archaeology, Malta

The human figure

When one talks of fashion nowadays an image that immediately comes to mind is probably a catwalk with models showing off the designers’ clothes. Was it the same for prehistoric societies?

Large Headless Standing Figure (-4100/-2500)National Museum of Archaeology, Malta

The physique of the male or female model nowadays is normally that of a lean body. The statues of the Neolithic period give us a clear clue that a full figure, verging on the obese was being venerated. Was it a sign of fertility?

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