Discover Vietnam’s Ethnicities - NORTHERN VIETNAM II

Part 2 of our 4 part series

The Pa Then by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

Take a deeper look at what national identity means by learning about the more than 54 diverse ethnic minority groups currently living in Vietnam. 

HmongPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Precious Heritage Project

Over the course of nearly a decade, the French photographer Réhahn researched and photo-documented all 54 official ethnic minorities in Vietnam,  with the hope of increasing the public’s understanding of tribal culture in the country.

Drying The Fabric by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

NORTHERN VIETNAM

There are at least 33 known ethnicities living in Northern Vietnam out of the more than 54 distinct cultures in the country.

Virtual Exhibit

In this virtual exhibit, you’ll have the opportunity to discover the Pa Then, Cong, Mang, H'mong, Ha Nhi, Thai, La Ha, & Khang ethnic groups. 

The Pa Then by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Pa Then

Certain schools in the Tuyen Quang province, where the Pa Then reside, require students to wear their traditional tribal garments to school on Mondays as a way to keep the culture alive.

The Pa Then by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The detailed handcrafted garments are inspired by the complex curves of flowers.

The Cong by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Cong

More than 40,000 Cong people still live in Laos. A few thousand migrated to Vietnam, where they now make up the 8th smallest ethnic group in the country.

The Cong by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

Their village was relocated by the government, which caused a loss of knowledge, heritage, and cultural traditions.

The Mang by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Mang

The Mang don't have a written language but ethnologists believe they are indigenous to Vietnam's northwestern corner. For a long time, they were nomadic - hence their nickname "The Wanderers."

The Mang by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

Their stilt houses still exist but are now being replaced by concrete buildings.

The Hmong by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The H'Mong

H'Mong traditions are strongly embedded in their culture with sewing skills passed down through generations. H'Mong villages near Sapa have become popular tourist destinations.

The Hmong by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

Their traditional garments are created with indigo and custom embroidery.

The Flower Hmong by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Flower H'Mong

The Flower H'Mong is a subgroup of the H'Mong ethnic group. They are named after their brightly-colored traditional garments, which are covered with intricate symbolic patterns that take up to 6 months to complete.

The Black Ha Nhi by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Ha Nhi

The Ha Nhi ethnic group is divided into two subgroups - the Black and the Flower Ha Nhi.  The Black Ha Nhi (as pictured here) live in windowless clay and straw homes with blackened walls.

The Black Ha Nhi by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

Their garments are crafted with indigo and braids made from human hair.

The Black Thai by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Thai

The Thai are divided into two subgroups - the White and the Black Thai.

The Black Thai by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

One can tell the difference between the groups because of their traditional garments and their architectural styles. This group has good relations and a strong influence on neighboring ethnic groups.

The La Ha by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The La Ha

The La Ha tribe is of Austro-Asian descent. Their villages are set deep in the mountains in a restricted zone.

The La Ha by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The isolation has helped to preserve their native language. However, in La Ha villages in the lowlands, the language seems to have been lost.

The Khang by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Khang

The Khang live in the Son La province on the border of Laos.

The Khang by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The province houses more than 12 ethnic groups; as a result, many aspects of these cultures merge with one another. The Khang still speak their indigenous tongue in addition to the Thai language.

The Flower Hmong by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

Learn More

Read more about The Precious Heritage Project and Vietnam's ethnic groups in the article "Discover Vietnam's 54+ Ethnicities - Part 3."

Credits: Story

Text by Réhahn with Molly Headley 

Credits: All media
The story featured may in some cases have been created by an independent third party and may not always represent the views of the institutions, listed below, who have supplied the content.
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