Celebrating 15!

Preserving a Legacy: Esther Mahlangu's Early Memories Documented with AI

By Google Arts & Culture

Esther Mahlangu's Early Memories Documented with AI: Memory of Painting (2004-02)

"When they went to eat, I would get a chicken feather and also go where they were painting. They would shout and say I was messing up their work." — Esther Mahlangu

Esther Mahlangu's Early Memories Documented with AI: Memory of Painting (2024-02)

For world-renowned artist Dr. Esther Mahlangu, the journey to becoming an iconic global artist began with moments like these—childhood memories of imitating her mother and family members.

Press release image of Mahlangu painting an artwork (2023)Art of Contemporary Africa

However, while her celebrated career is generally well-documented, her early life in the 1940s exists only in these oral recollections. There are no photographs, only the stories she has told.

A visual for Esther Mahlangu's Archive - Undocumented Histories

Artist Esther Mahlangu with curator Nontobeko NtombelaArt of Contemporary Africa

This question became the heart of a collaboration between Google Arts & Culture, the artist and her family, curator Dr. Nontobeko Ntombela, and research studio Domestic Data Streamers, with the technical expertise from Google DeepMind.

Esther Mahlangu's Early Memories Documented with AI: Memory of Herding Cows (2024-02)

Emerging technologies offered a potential solution. For this project, we used generative AI to visualize these unrecorded memories, transforming oral history into a tangible archive and preserving Dr. Mahlangu’s complete story for generations to come.

The following video features Esther Mahlangu reflecting on her childhood and showcases reconstructed memories that have been created with VEO.

Esther Mahlangu's Childhood Memories of Cow Herding created with Veo (2024-02)

Memories of home

WAM installationArt of Contemporary Africa

The project coincided with Dr. Mahlangu's landmark retrospective, "Then I knew I was good at painting: Esther Mahlangu, a Retrospective," which opened at the Iziko South African National Gallery in February 2024 and travelled to the Wits Art Museum until April 2025.

Credits: All media
The story featured may in some cases have been created by an independent third party and may not always represent the views of the institutions, listed below, who have supplied the content.
Explore more
Related theme
The Pioneering Spirit of Esther Mahlangu
Get inspired by the artist's life, work, and legacy with Art of Contemporary Africa
View theme

Interested in Visual arts?

Get updates with your personalized Culture Weekly

You are all set!

Your first Culture Weekly will arrive this week.

Home
Discover
Play
Nearby
Favorites