The United States entered the "Era of Good Feelings" in the period after the War of 1812. This era has been characterized as a time of nationalism, optimism, and goodwill, but it was also a period rife with debates over protective tariffs, the Second Bank of the United States, westward expansion, internal improvements to infrastructure (especially transportation), and slavery. Portraits of key figures of the American Revolution created by prominent American painters of the time reflected new nationalist sentiments. These painters include Gilbert Stuart, Charles Wilson Peale, and John Trumball.