On 17 November 1939, the sounds of machine gunfire and screams woke students from their sleep at university dormitories in Prague, Brno and Pribram. After midnight, German soldiers stormed the dormitories to arrest Czech students. Simultaneously with the arrest of students, then-Nazi governor, Reichsprotektor Konstantin von Neurath ordered the closure of all Czech institutions of higher educational for three years. Ultimately, they remained closed until the end of the war. As of 17 November 1939, some 15,172 students lost the right to study.