To be more fit for fighting...

"To be more fit for fighting, let us develop physical culture in the People's Army"

Sport and physical training were promoted by the government of the Republic during the civil war. With a People's Army made up mostly of citizens of different ideologies within the defence of the Republic, preparation and discipline were paramount, so campaigns such as this one to promote sport, together with other literacy campaigns, favoured the militarisation and discipline of the new soldiers. In addition to improving the physical condition of the combatants, sporting activity was also aimed at controlling activities considered inappropriate for the concentration of the soldier, vices (alcohol, sex, gambling...).
As shown in the poster, the gymnastics known as "Swedish", with moderately gentle exercises and without the need for apparatus, was the one practised because it favoured discipline by being able to order those who practised it in columns or rows while performing the exercises.