Gianni Olindo Portioli's Collection

Mantua, the queen of the lake: from 19th to 20th century, a walk through Italian art and its eternal skillness

Landscape by Gerolamo TrentiMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

Landscape

An anomalous figure in the Lombard artistic scene, the descendent of a noble family, who was supposed to become a lawyer, though passion for painting prevailed leading him to depict the world he knew so well, in ample country scenes or illustrating the humble lives of workmen. His work cannot be defined as being part of a specific style, and his paintings are influenced both by Verism, that looks to the past, and by a sensibility that displays a more  sincere immediacy. The large work we can admire here presents a particular luminosity, inspired both by 18th century landscapes and by the innovative genius of Corot. The figures present serve only to situate, in a romantic way, the relationship between man and nature, dominating though placid, rhythmed by the big trees that welcome and break the rays of light.

Girl with a flower by Virgilio RipariMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

Girl with a flower

Although he was born in the province of Mantua, Ripari found artistic inspiration and became fairly well-known in Milan, where he developed his art working together with the painters’ movement called Scapigliatura - its most important representatives were Tranquillo Cremona and Daniele Ranzoni.The distinguishing characteristics of Ripari’s art are an accentuated sensibility that is sublimated in the art of portraits, a dense brushwork and the tendency to use dark tones and shades of black, though illuminated by sudden blots of white and made gentle by the use of chiaroscuro that delimits the faces with intensity.In this canvas the figure of the young man who appears, dressed in dark clothes, against a background that is also dark, is in a certain sense reminiscent of the works by Antonio Manicini. There is an interesting dialogue between the meditative aspect of the character and the blossoming flower, which evidently alludes to the young age of the man in the picture.

The spinner by Domenico PesentiMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

The spinner

Domenico Pesenti was a fundamental protagonist in the Mantuan artistic scene, one of the most important in the development of Italian painting in the 19th century. During his long life, he brought together the influences of Tuscan art, a region he frequented for a long time, and that of Lombard painting, which aimed at interpreting the everyday dimension of life. He was a refined painter, his technique a perfect one, he never adhered to the Macchiaioli movement, though his work often makes use of a clear light able to accurately depict sensitive impressions. All his works are, in fact, the result of a complex balance of shapes and colours. The old spinner here depicted is both a paradigm of the human condition and a vibrant character who seems to sum up all the details of the room she is in. The red of her mantle and the white of the thread direct our attention to her face, in part emblem and in part concrete representation of female dignity.

Macugnaga by Mario Moretti FoggiaMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

Macugnaga

Moretti Foggia was a very skilled artist who attended the Cignaroli Art Academy in Verona and the Brera Academy. He was an eclectic painter, and he occupies a relevant position in the vast tradition of 19th century Italian art. Particularly notable are his scenes and landscapes, sometimes characterized by a decidedly orientalising taste.             If we had to define the style of his work, we certainly would have to speak of Realism, though his brushwork is a vibrating one that aims to accentuate the themes of his paintings. His love for mountains, especially the Alps around Val d’Ossola, can be clearly seen in this work, that depicts a series of houses with slate roofs, dominated by the snow that contrasts the green slopes next to the buildings. The scene is enlivened by the presence of two women talking, by the goat and lamb that seem to be placidly accompanying the tranquil conversation.

Still life with wine bottle by Archimede Bresciani da GazoldoMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

Still life with wine
bottle

The style of Bresciani da Gazoldo greatly developed over time, rendering a more traditional 19th century style more intense, almost symbolical, heightening its realism and providing a crude analysis of the human condition. Though he lived for a long time in Milan, he never forgot the suggestions of his native land, depicting in a clear and sincere way the features of the characters dear to him, or the contours of nature. The composition we can admire here was completed in his last year of life. It opens up in an almost unexpected way to the colours of Chiarismo, and the brushwork convincingly portrays the decorations of the large tablecloth. The composite ability is perfect and sharp, and the artists places fruit, vegetables, a bottle and a glass with taste and skill, so as to give every element the right space and time.

Sparafucile's hostel and view of Mantua by Luigi SomensariMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

Sparafucile's hostel and view of Mantua

The short life of Somensari obviously determines the small amount of works left by him. This fact, however, enhances the passionate and luminous quality of his work, which allows us to consider the painter as a precursor of the so-called Pittura del Ducato (Painting of the Grand Duchy), a movement composed of painters the same age as him who formed a virtual circle, with the aim of giving new life to Mantuan painting.            His brushwork is in some instances very fluid, composing a very rapid and impressionistic vision. In other cases, such as the one presented here, the vision is robust and not at all mannerist. The so-called Ostello di Sparafucile is depicted at the bottom of a slope covered in snow, with the white roof underlining the geometry of the composition. In the distance we see the lakes, the bridge of San Giorgio and the intact and well-known contour of the Gonzaga city. The organization of the painting is almost expressionist, indeed what is striking in the painting is its force and impact.

San Marco's facade in Venice by Arrigo AndreaniMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

San Marco's facade in Venice

Andreani became well-known as a young painter for his artful replica of The Parnassus by Mantegna, already at the Louvre. Using Renaissance techniques he developed his own style trying to grasp the most intense aspects of an ever-changing reality. His production, rightly representative of 20th century art, alternates portraits of elegant ladies, of poor workmen, and city landscapes. Throughout his life he maintained a strong link with the city of Venice, inspired by the very particular atmosphere of the lagoon city. Painting the facade of saint Mark for instance, Andreani was attracted by the possibility to synthesise the monumental beauty of the church, depicting it on a bright day, with elongated shadows that seem to fragment the paved floor in front of the church. It is yet another attempt to grasp the elusive magic of the Serenissima.

Still life with flowers by Alfonso MonfardiniMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

Still life with flowers

Monfardini spent the last part of his life painting graceful landscapes, though slightly shallow – one must remember the promising beginning of his career, when as a young artist he shared the aspirations of the Futurist movement. In fact, and strangely, if we compare this period to the later one, the paintings composed in youth demonstrate a great capacity to cut through space realizing new perspectives in the vision of everyday life. The work we can admire here is a good example of this. The vases with plants stabilize a composition that is characterized by the flowing of forms from the edges towards the centre. The powerful hand of the figure carrying the small table on which there are some flowers is an evident sign of the influence of Boccioni, the same as his face and the intense colours that help to better perceive the painting as a whole. A remarkable painting, characterized by a restrained but very solid dynamism.

My wife as a young lady by Mario LominiMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

My wife as a young lady

Lomini was one of the main exponents of the Pittura del Ducato (Painting of the Duchy). He began his career following an almost expressionist style, having lived in Munich in 1912. From this type of free and modern painting he then went on to create sinuous and tender figures, displaying a skilful use of colour. His female portraits are very well-known, in them the contours of the figures delimit a vaporous body, which is however brought to life by sudden sparks. This is the case also with this portrait of his wife, still a girl, which can be compared, because of the masterful brushwork, to some paintings of Van Dongen. The lipstick is the focal point of the composition, and a few strokes are enough to compose the rest of it

Mantuan landscape with boats by Lomini MarioMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

Mantuan landscape with boats

The trees without leaves that rise from the partly stagnant water, the profile of the beloved Mantua far on the horizon, the fisherman who quietly awaits his fish using a thin reed with the wire perpendicular to the liquid surface. Colors, especially colors, that Mario Lomini can distribute with skill, rounding out the figures and the features of the landscape. There is the evident echo of the years in which he learned art in Munich, just in the time when the different pictorial secessions stirred Europe. There is in fact something lyrically expressionist in his way of dealing, with great love, the theme that from time to time he tackles. Visions that in the course of his life become more and more intimate and more humble. But his paintings continue to show a strong inner truth. In the details, of course, but also in the overall composition, which manifests here a beautiful brightness and a perfect description of the particular aquatic nature of the Virgilian city and its surroundings.

Still life with flowers by Pio SemeghiniMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

Still life with flowers

Semeghini was born in Quistello, south of Mantua, also the hometown of other illustrious artists such as Giuseppe Gorni and Alberto Viani. Semeghini is among the few provincial artists who became famous at a national level. Venice played a fundamental role, both as the city in which he lived, and as a horizon in which to test his own very particular technique, a translucent stroke of colour, able to invent a face or a gaze. His painting became increasingly rarefied, so much that some works seem to disappear from sight, as is the case with some paintings depicting the horizon of the lagoon at dawn. Acting as a counterpart of Giorgio Morandi and Filippo De Pisis, also in this painting Semeghini demonstrates his capacity to allude to a refined object, while also stating its non existence. The very delicate colours employed create a sort of diffused pictorial lyricism characterized by a subdued force.

Still life with fruit by Vindizio Nodari PesentiMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

Still life with fruit

Vindizio was the nephew of Domenico Pesenti, and perhaps the most talented of the generation that in Mantua marked the turn of the century. He was quoted by Boccioni because of his skill. Initially his art was in line with the Divisionist inspiration, which had much in common with Futurism, although never becoming one with it. Later, in the beloved city of Mantua he created very luminous works in which a frayed sign seems to weave the surface, giving it vibration and intensity. He was also an excellent sculptor, though he was perhaps not able to fully take advantage of his talent, preferring a tranquil provincial life. The work we admire here demonstrates not only his compositional skill but also a Post-Impressionist quality that he probably acquired during his stays in Paris. In this sense, some aspects of his art can be compared to the works of Vuillard and Bonnard, whom he was in some instances able to equal, thanks to the poetic spontaneity and the liveliness of the colours.

Still life with flowers and glasses by Ugo CeladaMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

Still life with flowers
and glasses

Celada became famous already during his lifetime for his almost photographic painting, which allows to compare his work to that of Sciltian and Cagnaccio di San Pietro. During his long artistic career he experimented with different and original styles, before maturing what became his most distinguishing style. He certainly acquired a superior technique and a visual sharpness that was almost cold, and took part in all the trends of Italian painting, with particular attention to the art scene in Milan. His attention to detail conveys powerful intentions that transpose the portrayed object in a vaguely metaphysical dimension. This is true also of the many still-lifes, in which he plays with the transparency of the glasses that faithfully reflect details that would otherwise be lost. Furthermore, the colours that prevail in Celada’s work are almost extinct, transformed by his personal vision that seems to depict real things that are actually being snatched from their daily context, thus demonstrating that absoluteness lives in the tranquil and calm houses of the bourgeoisie.

Young blonde by Carlo LeviMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

Young blonde

Carlo Levi is the author of the renown novel Cristo si è fermato a Eboli (Christ Stopped at Eboli). He was a refined intellectual and a painter, inspired by Expressionism, he also took part in the Scuola Romana movement. He was born into a wealthy Jewish family in Turin, and for a short time followed the example of Casorati. A trip to Paris, however, made him fall in love with the art of Modigliani and Soutine. After being sentenced to confinement during Fascism, with the end of the regime he was able to fully develop his artistic skills, creating works characterized by the use of bright colours and dynamic strokes. This work, its tone reminiscent of Guttuso, depicts a young and very blond woman, perhaps the actress Monica Vitti. Her almost sorrowful eyes are framed, together with her face, by her hair and naked body, conveying great sensitivity.

Sunset in Castiglione by Giuseppe FacciottoMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

Sunset in Castiglione

Facciotto was a very sensitive artist, though his life was a short one. He was an exponent of the so-called Scuola Chiarista, which took shape between Milan and the region north of Mantua. The works of artists who were part of this movement are characterized by the use of soft colours, in some instances made brighter by more intense colours; the influence of Matisse is often visible in the period before and after the war. Facciotto worked as treasurer in the psychiatric asylum in Mantua, and was basically a self-taught painter. He composed some small masterworks, small scenes of hills or still-lifes. The atmosphere is generally an elementary one, at times infantile. In the painting we can admire the sun is a small orange blotch, and brings no light to the composition. The light, on the other hand, is visible in the brushwork that creates the landscape, approximate though effective, suggesting a musical harmony between nature and the human soul observing it.

Villa, garden and palm tree by Giulio PerinaMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

Villa, garden and palm tree

Perina was born in the Veneto region, but he spent most of his life in Mantua, soon distinguishing himself for his works, generally landscapes, in which a rapid and skilful brushwork creates balances of light that trace the shapes of houses and things in a way that is reminiscent of Cezanne. The latter was indeed the principal point of reference of the artist, who was part of the movement originated in Mantua called Scuola Chiarista. This double influence means that, though aiming to create light effects using natural shapes, Perina is always aware of the spatial and volumetric quality of the sun and of its function. In the work we can admire here, for instance, the bright green leaves of the trees adorn a series of solid constructions, and the surrounding wall becomes a bright white strip. The exotic presence of the palm gives the composition a touch of Southern France, and reminds the viewer of the landscapes in Nice by Henry Matisse.

Woman in the sun by Albano SeguriMantova Museo Urbano Diffuso

Woman in the sun

Seguri was an energetic and versatile artist, who became known in the second part of his life for works influenced by the Padania style and depicting bizarre creatures, or men and women sketched with Expressionist intensity. As a young painter he frequented the protagonists of the Scuola Romana and of Tuscan art, and references to these trends are visible in many of his paintings and sculptures. He was a true artist, and evolved continuously, finally creating refined and fantastical constructions in which imagination could move freely in scenes depicting the deep valley. The painting we are admiring was displayed in the 1950 Cremona Biennial, and it shows a beautiful half naked girl surrounded by vegetation. Her body is graceful but also nervous and expressive. The green she is immersed in seems to gather round to allow a short explosion of female vitality, adorned by purple stockings.

Credits: Story

Ideato e promosso da / Founded and Promoted by: Mattia Palazzi (Sindaco del Comune di Mantova) con Lorenza Baroncelli (Assessore alla rigenerazione urbana e del territorio, marketing urbano, progetti e relazioni internazionali del Comune di Mantova) Coordinamento Scientifico / Scientific Coordinator: Sebastiano Sali Curatore testi e immagini / Superintendent texts and images: Giovanni Pasetti Foto di / Photo by: Art Camera Redazione / Editor: Erica Beccalossi Assistente / Assistant: Fabrizio Foresio

Credits: All media
The story featured may in some cases have been created by an independent third party and may not always represent the views of the institutions, listed below, who have supplied the content.
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