Life in the Water

Watermeal (Wolffia) is one of the smallest flowering plants in the world, measuring up to 1.2 mm. It floats without stems or roots, can help detect pollution, and in Asia it is eaten for its nutritional value.

The Montezuma Cypress, known as the “old man of the water,” can live for more than 2,000 years and is a symbol of Mexico’s national identity.

The Red Willow supports the chinampas of Xochimilco, filters the water, and protects species such as the axolotl.

Among wetland birds, the Osprey stands out. Its presence indicates an abundance of fish and a healthy wetland ecosystem.

Herons, migratory ducks, coots, and moorhens are part of the constant movement across the water.

Below the surface live Mole Salamanders, frogs, and toads. Mole Salamanders can regenerate limbs, and the calls of frogs are a sign of healthy environmental conditions.

Dragonflies hunt mosquitoes, while their larvae live underwater, showing their strong connection to wetland ecosystems.

On the bottom live macroinvertebrates such as snails and acociles—organisms that help indicate water quality.

Stromatolites, formed by cyanobacteria, can be seen in places such as Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila, Bacalar, Quintana Roo and Alchichica, Puebla.

Among the invasive species are Giant Reed, Common Water Hyacinth, Parrot's Feather, European Carp, Tilapia, and the American Bullfrog, all of which alter wetland ecosystems.

Some species are also linked to culture and food: Broadleaf Cattail, Splitfins, Mole Salamanders, tequesquite, Acociles, Ahuautle, Romeritos, and Spirulina. They reflect the long relationship between people and wetlands.