Humans have long since gained most of their survival
needs from living things and admired the beauty of living things. We have also
feared the power and survival power that humans can not have. As biology and
engineering develop, the ability of living creatures is scientifically
revealed, and there are many attempts to apply them to new technology
development. Creatures have amazing powers beyond imagination. Each species
suffers from incalculable trial and error to survive and has adapted to the
ability and form most appropriate for survival. In recent years, not only is it
imitating the forms of living things, but it also extends to the application of
the principle of natural circulation to the environmental problems that can not
be solved by the human way, or to mimic the behavioral form of living things.
Biomimicry Tools: Learning from Nature
In the primitive age, we used animal teeth and claws directly to create hunting tactics and weapons. At that time, because it was harder and more functional than any other material, it is used as it is, and later it is made of metal such as saws. Some of the tools we use today derive from the form of living things.
Survival Strategies of Living Organism and Biomimicry
The mind that wants to fly the human sky has been constantly going on, but it was not easy to fly back against gravity. In order to overcome the limit and fly, we observe the form, weight, agility and momentary power of a special body such as a bird or a bat for a long time, and after trial and error, finally human can fly to the sky. Early in the 16th century, Leonardo da Vinci observed the wings of birds and bats and designed the flight system. He believed that if humans flap their wings, they can overcome gravity and fly in the sky.
The bat's wing is actually a flexible membrane between the fingers, arms, and legs, flying in a different way from the bird, and the fine wing of the wing is sensitive to extremely fine stimuli, allowing it to fly freely I will. Using the basics of bat flying will help you design next-generation aircraft.
Otto Lilienthal who made a glide flight with the wind
The first person to develop a glider that people can ride is Germany's Auto Lilienthal. He observed the birds and made a glider that resembled a bird. In 1891, he made his first glide flight and I tried to glide. Otto Lilienthal flew over 2,000 times and convinced me that people could fly in the sky.
Wright Brothers flying with a power plane
Wilbur Wright and the Orville Wright brothers studied flying machines while observing the bald maneuvers, drawing on the principle of flying. In 1903, the Wright brothers built the first flyer 'Flyer' for 59 seconds. Flyer is the first powered plane to have a gasoline engine built on the principle of a glider.
An eagle that is effortlessly entrusted to the wind, a hummingbird that is suspended, and a freely changing direction like aerial acrobatics have diverse and efficient flying skills. Compared to these, human-developed flight technology is still only a childhood step. Birds, bats and insects still have a lot of flying skills that we do not know. The alula, a small wing that allows a stable and sophisticated flight when a bird flies or landing in the middle of a flight, is recently called alula (alula), which is being imitated and applied for flight or car development.
Dynastid beetle(Allomyrina dichotoma)
Study of insect flight
Insects are small but known to have the most complete flight capability. An insect's flight can fly freely in any circumstance, not in the way of needing help, or in an air stream as a wing. We are developing ultra-small flying objects that can be reconnaissed in a narrow space by imitating this method.
A kingfisher obtaining water without disturbing the surface of the water The existing shinkansen had a phenomenon of roar due to speed and air pressure when entering the tunnel. Technicians who were concerned about the noise problem were able to reduce the noise drastically by designing the front design of the Shinkansen trains in the form of a kookaburra beak by getting a hint from the appearance of a kingfisher with an elongated beak entering the water and catching fish quickly.
The name Kingfisher is a name given to the fact that it hunts quickly into the water like a bullet. In English, it is also known as a kingfisher in the sense of a famous fish hunting. When you look at the water from the water and you see your prey, it rushes into the water like a flare, but when you go into the water, it hardly causes a wave, so your game does not notice.
A silent hunter owl When the train travels at high speed, the contact between the electric supply line and the pantograph, which is supplied with electricity, becomes worse and noise is increased. In order to reduce this noise, we newly designed the pantograph of the existing Shinkansen by owl-shaped owl feathers.
Eagle owl is the largest nocturnal raptor among the owls in Korea. There is a nickname of 'Silent Hunter' because the game does not sound so bad that it does not notice. Stiff feathers in the form of combs at the front end of the wing's owls reduce noise by suppressing swirling airflow during flight. And it reduces the sound of the wind to the back edge of the wing is soft and fluffy wings absorb the sound.
The Secrets of the Bumps on Humpback Whale Fins-Air Conditioner's Outdoor Fan (2016) by NIBRNational Institute of Biological Resources
The Secrets of the Bumps on Humpback Whale Fins
Air conditioning is cool, but noise is a problem. Two
methods have been tried to reduce noise. One applies the principle of humpback
whale fins to create a hump on the front surface of the wing, and secondly it
grooves like a scallop shell on the inside of the wing. This reduced the noise
of the air conditioner and reduced the power consumption by 10%. This is
because the hump and the groove make the flow of the air flowing smoothly. This
principle has also been applied to making helicopter rotor blades, wind
generator blades, and surfboards.
Why did he study humpback whales and scallops? At the edge of the dorsal fin of the humpback whale there is a rugged protrusion that forms a kind of waterway when the whale moves in the water and forms a flow of water advantageously when moving. In the case of shell shells, the longitudinal grooves on the surface make the water flow in the direction of movement when moving in water, making it possible to move quickly. By using this principle, the air conditioner's noise is reduced by making protrusions and grooves on the outdoor wing, and the power consumption is also reduced by 10%. The principle is also used to make helicopter spinning wings, wind generator wings, swimming flippers and so on.
Developed a stealth submarine mimicking the sea lion's fin
Unlike other underwater animals, sea lions swim with great fore-fins. We are working on developing a stealth submarine with strong propulsion force in the sea by making a sea lion robot fins with a 3D printer.
Northern Sealion is a creature that is not easy to meet in the country as a world protected species. In Korea, it rarely lives on the coast of Dokdo and Ulleungdo, and it is the largest of the sea lions.
Shark speed, secret scales The whole body swimsuit, the main protagonist of the Olympic record renewal, applied the principle of friction reduction of the minute projection of shark scales. This protrusion serves to push out swirls that occur around the body when swimming, allowing you to swim at faster speeds by reducing friction resistance by up to 8%. These shark scales are used in a variety of applications such as automobile tires, submarines, airplanes, and bathing suits that require reduced resistance to air and water. Seoul National University Professor Choi Hae-cheon (Professor, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering) has published a study that can reduce air resistance by up to 8% when artificial shark scales are attached to the surface of airplanes, thereby greatly reducing fuel consumption.
Banded houndshark is characterized by a thick dark brown band about 10 lines on the back. In Korea, unlike fish that usually live in the coast of Jeju Island and usually produce eggs, it gives birth to young. It is said to not attack people gently.
The slippery charm of the Sloth turtle Longevity turtles are the largest and fastest turtles in existence. Long-lived turtles have long vertical spines on their bark. Seoul National University studied the long-lived tortoise and confirmed that the resistance was reduced by 32% in real water, and registered a patent for such a rudder-like submarine.
Leatherback sea turtle have gills like gills in addition to the lungs and can sink to deep water. The paws are larger than other sea turtles and can swim far. The back coat is covered with soft skin.
Usain Bolt in water, sailfish Sailfish with large fins, such as sails on the back, can swim underwater at speeds as high as 108 km / h. The reason the sailfish is fast is due to the three fins on the back, belly and chest. By moving this fins quickly, you can create powerful propulsive forces and the wide v-shaped tail fins reduce friction, allowing you to swim farther with less force. Sailfish scales have sharp protrusions on the surface, which is expected to reduce resistance like shark scales.
The sailfish has a large dorsal fin, long sails, and a dark blue spots on the body. Sailfish are used to hunt down large-scale herds of fish with this long upper jaw. Sardines can be kept for hours on end, beating to the beak and catching fish that fall behind.
Swarm Intelligence
Live in flocks
Ants, bees, fish, and birds live in flocks. More than a single group of people gather together to defend against external attacks, and cooperate to create a nice house. It is called 'swarm intelligence' that does not have one object but can do complicated actions when gathered together.
Animal flock intelligence is used in software development.
It is the software that several robots use to work together to deal with the way the ants carry their heavy prey together.
We are developing.
We are also studying software that changes the process of assembling products in a factory more efficiently by learning how the bees share their work. Applying a method of moving a group of fish or birds without bumping into each other can cause dozens of drones to fly without crashing.
Animal
Architecture
Termites are kept at an internal temperature of 30 degrees Celsius in african meadows, where temperatures vary from 1 to 40 degrees Celsius. There are numerous holes and passages in termite houses. When the temperature rises, the hot air inside is pushed up and fresh air comes down. When I built this "East Gate Center" in Zimbabwe, I inspected this principle and ventilated a roof on the roof and drilled a hole beneath the surface to keep it at room temperature without air conditioning.
The structure of the honeycomb is hexagonal, so it can efficiently utilize the space without any gap, and it is structurally light and strong. The hexagonal structure of the honeycomb is applied to various fields such as the structure of construction, the wings of an airplane, and the high-performance shock absorber at the front of a high-speed train KTX.
The loneliness wasp, which is used for social life and catches other insects, is made of bark, and the bottom of the house's outer wall is not completely wrapped. The house of longevity wasp is also used as herbal medicine called bongbangbang.
A weeping bird builds a house with long grass-like leaves. Like a gourd nest, the entrance is below, so you can avoid other nemesis or rain. Looking at the natural curve of the nest as it sagged down, the 19th century Spanish architect Gaudí was inspired by the architectural design. The curves of the Sagrada Familia are still being built. There is a habit of building a herd, and when building a house, they make a collective nest on a high place and play about 300 nests. Some giant nests weigh more than 1 tonne. By making nests so collective, you can spend a night of good and cold deserts to guard yourself with your natural enemies.
A deep-water underwater robot 'U-CAT' has been developed to imitate the movement of a sea turtle. There are four floating webcams that can move up and down, up and down, and rotate freely. Conventional underwater robots use a propeller, but Yuccat moves to a webbing propeller, so it does not disturb the soil that is piled up on the floor, so it is suitable for exploring an enclosed space such as a wreck instead of a diver.
The green sea turtle is a large turtle belonging to the sea turtle family. The reason why the sea turtle looks green is because of the fat under the carapace. When you get older, you will see an irregular radial brown pattern on your back.
Bio-Inspired Robots (2016) by NIBRNational Institute of Biological Resources
Float on the water and jump! Water strider Robots
Water strider jumps on a thin, long leg and moves on the water. There is a fine bubble between the water and the water strider legs due to the surface tension, so you can jump on the water without sinking into the water. Based on this principle, the research team of Seoul National University developed a Water strider Robots that weighs 0.068g and height is 1cm. The robot can jump 14 times over the water using four 5cm legs. Smaller robots are less expensive and can be used in a variety of environments. Water strider Robots are expected to be used for disasters and contaminated areas.
There are many fine hairs on the four ankle nodes of the water strider, which are used to support the front of the body on the water.
Crabster, a submarine robot moving like a crab
Generally, a submarine robot uses a propeller as a propulsion means, but it has a disadvantage that it is difficult to maintain its position and position in a strong sea. In order to overcome this problem, we developed an underwater robot, Kraplaster, which explores the sea while walking like crab. Crabsters use six legs to explore the seabed by walking on the floor like crabs and crayfish, so the flow of seawater is fast and you can move freely in rugged places. Krapler is used for salvage of ships and excavation of seabed relics.
The legs that stretch out from the body are called bamboo, called " queen crab," and live mainly on mud or sandy gravel floor depths of 120 to 350 meters.
Special abilities of bio-structure
A solid secret of a shell
Shell is very hard as the main component of calcium carbonate. Chalk, which we often see, breaks well apart from the shells made of calcium carbonate. Why is it different? The secret is due to the nanostructure of the shell. The shells are made of calcium carbonate crystals crossed at 90 degrees to form a solid structure. In addition, calcium carbonate is filled with flexible proteins between pillars, it is strong against external shocks.
Amazing Underwater Adhesion Mussels and mussels live well on rocks, bottoms of boats and so on. How can you live well in the sea where the waves are so frequent? The secret is the protein thread of a mussel that looks like a beard. The mussel attaches a liquid protein seal to the rock, which tightens over time and keeps the mussel from being swept into the waves. A mussel's thin beard can lift objects up to 12.5 kg. Since we usually make about 10 beards, we can lift even 125kg objects. The mussel adhesive is a protein extracted from nature and is relatively safe. Since it is well adhered even in the environment with fluids (water), it is developed as a sealing adhesive that can be used instead of needle and thread for sewing the surgical site. Using mussel glue, we expect less surgical scars and faster recovery.
At high tide, it is submerged in seawater and inhabits on a reef between 20m depths in the exposed tidal flat. It attaches to a rock by using a bamboo which is a bundle of protein fiber with high adhesive strength.
Why do not the lotus leaves get wet? The lotus leaves do not get dirty even in the mud. Most aquatic plants have the ability to prevent contamination because of the innumerable small nano-sized bumps on the surface of the leaves. The protrusions of the lotus leaf are covered with wax that does not get wet with water. Thanks to these protrusions, the surface tension of the water droplets becomes bigger, the water droplets become very round, and while rolling, they wash away the contaminants on the surface of the lotion. The special paint using the ability of a lotus leaf that does not get wet keeps the surface dry and makes other liquids easily fall apart in addition to water.
The ability to cling to, cling to the burdock burdock
The Swiss inventor, George de Mestral, invented Velcro when he saw his burdock berries on his pants and dog hair during his walk with his dog. Velcro is made by observing the shape of a hook attached to a fiber, such as burdock, thistle, thistle, etc., with a strong hook on one side and a circular hook on the other side.
In space-weighted space, astronauts' plates are fixed using Velcro. We reproduced the space plate using Velcro.
There are no blue pigments on the wings of a red-winged morpho butterfly? The wings of a morpho butterfly in South America have a mysterious blue that looks different depending on the viewing angle. The secret is that the unique surface structure of the wing scales reflects only blue light. It is called 'structural color' to make various colors with particles of nanometer size without pigment, and it can be seen on insect surface, butterfly wing, surface of plant fruit. It is applied to the development of special fibers that mimics the color of structures that can never be expressed by ordinary pigments, anti-counterfeiting technology for banknotes, and next generation displays.
The organism already knows the answer to the problem that humanity can not solve by itself. The creature has been developing the most optimized forms and technologies for a long time in the environment in which we live. If you look at the form, structure and system of living things, you can get efficient and economical environmentally friendly technology. In order to live in harmony with nature and to live in a better way, we must realize the importance of creatures, learn special skills and seek ways to live together. If you observe creatures face to face, you can unlock their secrets. Through conservation of biodiversity and securing information about biological resources, we can learn various technologies from living things to achieve nature-friendly innovation. It is up to us to find the infinite possibilities of creatures we have not known yet.
