Discover Vietnam’s 54 Ethnicities NORTHERN VIETNAM I

Part 1 of our 4-part series

The Black Lo Lo by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Precious Heritage Project

Over the course of nearly a decade, the French photographer Réhahn researched and photo-documented all 54 official ethnic groups in Vietnam,  with the hope of increasing the public’s understanding of tribal culture in the country.

The Black Dao by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

Take a deeper look at what national identity means by learning about the 54 diverse ethnic groups currently living in Northern Vietnam. 


The Phu La by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The final collection of full-color portraits of tribal members in their traditional garments, alongside artifacts, heritage crafts, and stories is on display in the Precious Heritage Museum in Hoi An, Vietnam. 

The Flower Lo Lo by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

Virtual Exhibit

In this virtual exhibit, you’ll have the opportunity to discover one-of-a-kind stories, tribal textiles, and portraits from: the Dao, Bo Y, O Du, Phu La, La Hu, Pu Peo, Pa Then, and Si La tribes. 

The Red Dao by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

NORTHERN VIETNAM

There are at least 33 known ethnicities living within Northern Vietnam's towering mountains and lush rice paddies. Many tribes also are connected to subgroups that share similarities in language and culture. 

View Réhahn's Travels Through Northern Vietnam

The Red Dao by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Dao

The Dao live in Northern Vietnam in the mountains around Sapa. The group is made up of at least 30 different subgroups.

The Red Dao by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

Red Dao Song
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Each tribe can be distinguished by its different textile traditions, most notably the style of embroidery and embellishments.

The O Du by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The O Du

The O Du tribe is the smallest ethnic group in Vietnam with a population of 300.

The O Du by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

Less than a dozen people over the age of 70 can still speak their original language, known as Phrom. The language has no written form, making it almost impossible to pass down to future generations.

The Bo Y by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Bo Y

73-year-old Lu Thi Phung is featured in this photo. She is the last in her community to be able to make the Bo Y tribal garments.

The Bo Y by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The tribe is known for its intricate patchwork, embroidery, and elaborate beading.

The Flower Lo Lo by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Lo Lo

The Lo Lo are divided into 3 subgroups: Flower, Red, and Black. The Flower Lo Lo (pictured) get their name from their colorful clothing that they still make by hand.

The Flower Lo Lo by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

Considered to be one of the finest in Vietnam, the traditional garment is created with 4000 appliqued triangles.

The Phu La by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Phu La

A Phu La village is usually made up of 10-15 households. Their traditional garments are no longer made in their village.

The Phu La by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The intricate embroidery and pompoms seen on this little girl's hat can be viewed in the cabinet of artifacts in the Precious Heritage Museum.

The Co Lao by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Co Lao

The Co Lao settled in mountainous areas that are more isolated than other groups. They are passionate about their culture.

The Co Lao by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The woman pictured is the only one left in her village with an entire tribal ensemble.

The La Hu by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The La Hu

La Hu—known for being skilled tiger hunters in the past—means "as powerful as a tiger."

The La Hu by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

Legend has it that their ancient language was written on rice cakes by scholars but the language disappeared when the scholars got hungry.

The Pu Peo by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Pu Peo

The Pu Peo people live close to the border of China and Vietnam - an area classified as sensitive to the government.

The Pu Peo by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The main colors of the Pu Peo garments are red and blue. Red represents the woman's respect for man and blue honors the woman.

The Si La by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Si La

With only 709 people left in the group, the Si La are Vietnam's 5th smallest ethnic group.

The Si La by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

The Si La people migrated from Yunnan Province (China) to Vietnam, speaking a Tibetan-Burmese language.

Playing with indigo by RéhahnPrecious Heritage Art Gallery Museum

Learn More

Read more about The Precious Heritage Project and Vietnam's Northern ethnic groups in the article "Discover Vietnam's 54+ Ethnicities - Part 2."

Credits: Story

Text by Réhahn with Molly Headley 

Credits: All media
The story featured may in some cases have been created by an independent third party and may not always represent the views of the institutions, listed below, who have supplied the content.
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