Circuit Training: Machine-made Art for the People

Explore Mario Klingemann's special commission for the Barbican's AI: More than Human exhibition.

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

Artificial intelligence and art

Artist Mario Klingeman has created a machine which tries to accumulate attention by generating imagery that is interesting to humans, on display in the Barbican's exhibition, 'AI: More than Human'. Being confined to a museum space, the only way for the machine to learn about the world is through sensory data available in the space and the participation of the audience. The machine uses artificial intelligence techniques to continuously acquire training data and measure the effect of the visual output it generates in order to maximise the time humans are willing to spend with it.

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

"My interests are manifold and in constant evolution, involving artificial intelligence, deep learning, generative and evolutionary art, glitch art, data classification and visualization or robotic installations."

Mario Klingemann

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

Circuit Training: understanding the code, AI, data and art

The installation consists of three modules: 1. Acquisition, 2. Curation and 3. Creation. 

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

Module 1: Acquisition

The first module in the circuit serves as the data input channel. Here the machine tries to learn about the visual appearance and the behaviour of humans. It consists of an empty white photo studio with a camera and a separate viewing area that will show the non-participants the data acquisition process in real-time.

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

Human interaction

The machine guides the participants through the process of collecting the images and biometric data like face markers, pose data or voice samples.

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

Presenting the data

The analysis of the data acquisition is presented on a screen outside the photo studio visible only to the waiting audience.

It will show the video feed together with the acquired biometric data. It will also show additional search processes, like similarity rankings with previously acquired data "most similar face", "estimated age/gender/mood" as well as novelty scores for poses or faces. It will also try to measure and display the current biases it has in its data set by analyzing clusters of similar looking humans, estimated gender, age and ethnicity.

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

Module 2: Curation

In the second module the machine tries to learn the preferences of its audience by collecting feedback on its training process. It continuously presents the progress of its learning process and allows visitors to rate the results.

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

Human interaction

On each screen the participants can decide if they like a certain generated image or not by the well-known Tinder left/right swiping mechanism. Every vote will influence the training process in which it tries to optimize its output to maximize its likeability.

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

Module 3: Creation

In the final module the machine will present what it believes are the most interesting images it can generate at any given point in time.

Human interaction

It consists of a full-screen projection in a classic "black room". Whilst presenting it will also observe the audience via infrared cameras and try to measure the attention it receives, counting how long in average people are staying and how many people are watching. It will then use those numbers to further optimize its learning and generation process and the type of data it needs to acquire.

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

Presenting the data

Since the machine tries to maximize the amount human attention it gets it would be logical that at this stage it also publishes its art on various social channels, like Twitter or Instagram. Doing this it could collect more data on how its creations are being received by measuring views, likes or retweets.

Installation photo of Mario Klingemann's 'Circuit Training' on display at the Barbican's 'AI: More than Human' exhibition (2019/2019) by Mario KlingemannBarbican Centre

"If there is one common denominator it’s my desire to understand, question and subvert the inner workings of systems of any kind. I also have a deep interest in human perception and aesthetic theory."

Mario Klingemann

Credits: Story

AI: More Than Human is a major exhibition exploring creative and scientific developments in AI, demonstrating its potential to revolutionise our lives. The exhibition takes place at the Barbican Centre, London from 16 May—26 Aug 2019.

Part of Life Rewired, our 2019 season exploring what it means to be human when technology is changing everything.

Credits: All media
The story featured may in some cases have been created by an independent third party and may not always represent the views of the institutions, listed below, who have supplied the content.
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