Between Letters and Legends: 5 characters that have defined Peru

From the archives of the National Library of Peru

Aerial view of reconstruction works of the National Library of Peru (1944) by AnonymousNational Library of Peru

Peru's Past: A Legacy of Legends

Peru's history is woven together by the lives of remarkable individuals who shaped its cultural, scientific, and spiritual landscape. Discover the stories of these figures and the impact they have had on the nation.

Jorge Basadre with the first graduated class of the National School of Librarians of Peru (1944) by AnonymousNational Library of Peru

5 Peruvian Icons

Meet five influential figures who left their mark on Peru's rich history. Their stories are linked to the National Library of Peru, a vital resource for understanding the nation's past.

[Ricardo Palma at the National Library of Peru] ([1907]) by UnknownNational Library of Peru

Ricardo Palma: Peruvian Literary Master

Ricardo Palma, a master of Peruvian literature, breathed life into colonial and republican Lima through his captivating “Tradiciones Peruanas.” His legacy extends beyond literature as he was also the director of the National Library.

Portrait of Ricardo Palma ([1902]) by UnknownNational Library of Peru

Ricardo Palma: Keeper of Peru's Stories

Palma's ‘Tradiciones Peruanas’ brought Lima's colonial and republican past to life. His unique style made history engaging and accessible. Beyond his literary mastery, Palma served as director of the National Library, leading its reconstruction after the Pacific War. 

[Caricature of] Ricardo Palma by Cao] (1917/1917) by Xosé María CaoNational Library of Peru

Palma's Legacy: Stories & Scholarship

Ricardo Palma's unique approach to storytelling brought Peru's history to life. As director of the National Library, he played a crucial role in rebuilding and preserving Peru's cultural heritage. Palma's work continues to inspire and educate people about Peru's rich past.

[Nave and apse of the temple of Santo Cristo de los Milagros] (1771) by José VázquezNational Library of Peru

America's first saint, Isabel Flores de Oliva

Meet Isabel Flores de Oliva, the first person born in the Americas to be canonized as a saint. Learn about her life and the impact she had on the Catholic Church.

Santa Rosa de Santa María was born on April 20, 1586, and died on August 24, 1617... by Juan Basilio CorteganaNational Library of Peru

Faith and the Written Word: Santa Rosa's Story

The National Library of Peru holds records detailing the story and devotion to Saint Rose, showcasing the role of spirituality within Peruvian written culture. Her life, rooted in faith, serves as a testament to the lasting impact of religious figures on the nation's history.

True portrait of St. Rose of St. Mary (1818) by Marcelo Cabello y LlaveNational Library of Peru

Santa Rosa: A Literary Inspiration

Isabel Flores de Oliva, better known as Santa Rosa de Lima, is a symbol of devotion and sacrifice in Peru. Although she lived a life away from books, her mystical figure inspired numerous writers, including Ricardo Palma, who mentioned her in some of his 'Tradiciones Peruanas.'

View of the procession of St. Rose of Lima. (1890) by Eugenio CourretNational Library of Peru

Beyond the Books: Hidden Links

Ricardo Palma, a literary master, and Santa Rosa de Lima, a venerated saint, both have surprising links to the National Library. This connection highlights the library's role in preserving Peru's cultural heritage.

Preserving Peruvian Spirituality

The story of Santa Rosa de Lima, Peru's first saint, reveals the profound impact of spirituality on the nation's history. Through archival records, we can explore the devotion and reverence she inspired, offering a glimpse into the cultural and religious landscape of Peru.

Photograph of Dora Mayer Loehrs. (Ca. 1903) by Manuel MoralNational Library of Peru

Dora Mayer: Championing Indigenous Voices

Dora Mayer was a German-born writer and activist who dedicated her life to defending indigenous rights in early 20th century Peru. She worked with the National Library of Peru to research and promote the preservation of Indigenous knowledge.

The Indigenous and Latin American Congresses (1938) by Dora MayerNational Library of Peru

Dora Mayer: A Legacy of Advocacy

Dora Mayer dedicated her life to advocating for the rights of indigenous people in Peru. She used her voice to raise awareness. Her collaboration with the National Library of Peru led to the preservation of indigenous knowledge, ensuring their cultural heritage wasn't forgotten.

[Antonio Raimondi…] ([187-?]) by José NegrettiNational Library of Peru

Raimondi: A Passion for Peruvian Nature

Antonio Raimondi, an Italian explorer, dedicated his life to studying Peru's diverse landscapes and its fascinating biodiversity. His research and publications, many preserved in the National Library, remain essential resources today.

Landscape (1887) by Anonymous and Dedicated by Daniel Ezequiel CuevasNational Library of Peru

Raimondi's Legacy: Unveiling Peru

Antonio Raimondi, an Italian explorer, who dedicated his life to studying its unique biodiversity and geography. His research and publications, offer a glimpse into the country's rich natural history. Raimondi's work continues to inspire scientists and conservationists today.

[Portrait of woman in indigenous costume] ([187-? o 188-?]) by Courret Hermanos (Lima)National Library of Peru

Shared Admiration for Peru

Dora Mayer and Antonio Raimondi, though from different times, united in their deep respect for Peru's indigenous cultures and ancestral knowledge. They both contributed significantly to preserving this heritage.

Shipibo young man. Ucayali river. (1898) by Fernando GarreaudNational Library of Peru

Preserving Peru's Past, Present, and Future

The National Library of Peru is not just a resource for users but a guardian of knowledge, ensuring the preservation of Peruvian cultural heritage.

[Photography of Malaga Grenet] (Ca. 1935) by UnknownNational Library of Peru

Malaga Grenet: Artist & Muralist

Malaga Grenet was a prominent Peruvian muralist known for his vibrant and expressive works. He contributed to the artistic landscape of Peru in the 20th century, leaving behind a legacy of captivating murals.

[Rosa Amelia Cevasco - Queen of work] ([194-?]) by Julio Málaga GrenetNational Library of Peru

Caricatures & More: A Visual Legacy

The National Library of Peru houses a collection of Malaga Grenet's works, showcasing his unique artistic style and the vibrant cultural landscape of 20th-century Peru. His caricatures and other artworks capture the spirit of the nation, reflecting its traditions and daily life.

[Political humor magazine cover, Nº 21] (Published on February 19, 1906) by Caricature of Julio Málaga GrenetNational Library of Peru

Malaga Grenet: A Master of Peruvian Expression

Malaga Grenet was a celebrated Peruvian artist whose colorful murals brought the country's spirit to life. His vibrant works, often capturing the everyday life of Peruvians, became a defining part of the nation's 20th-century art scene.

View of the manuscript Memories of the Peruvian Monarchy…National Library of Peru

Peru's Stories, Preserved

These five figures represent the diverse tapestry of Peru's history. Their stories, preserved in the National Library, connect us to the nation's culture and heritage. Through their legacies, we gain a deeper understanding of Peru's past and present.

Credits: Story

Guión: Silvana Aquino, Malkiel Moreno Aznaran
Diagramación: Malkiel Moreno Aznaran

Credits: All media
The story featured may in some cases have been created by an independent third party and may not always represent the views of the institutions, listed below, who have supplied the content.
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