Food From The Heart of The Indus Valley

Traditional recipes from the historic settlement of Mohenjodaro.

Clay pots, in Mohenjodaro (2023)SOCH Outreach Foundation

The Historical Site of Mohenjodaro

Mohenjodaro was the largest settlement of the Indus Valley Civilization. Located in Sindh, it was one of the world's largest cities, populated with nearly 40,000 people. Until its decline in 1700 BCE, Mohenjodaro was rich in agriculture with common staples being wheat and grain.

Terracota pots, in Mohenjodaro (2023)SOCH Outreach Foundation

The Indus Valley Civilization was known for its innovative farming methods, and wealthy status in pottery, clay and stones. The influence of Mohenjodaro’s flourishing agrarian era still lives on in Sindh through traditional food with a palate of earthy, spicy and sweet flavors.

Picture of lady, in Mohenjodaro (2023)SOCH Outreach Foundation

Hakim Zadi - Preserving the Flavors of Sindh

Hakim Zadi is the co-owner of 'Sindhi Khada' located at the historic Mohenjodaro site. Alongside her husband, she has been serving traditional home-cooked Sindhi food for the past four years. Her approach to classic recipes showcases the foods with rich historical significance.

Fish and rice, in Mohenjodaro (2023)SOCH Outreach Foundation

Fish Pulao

Fish pulao is a flavorful combination of cooked rice and succulent fresh-water fish, seasoned with aromatic spices. Hakim Zadi prepares fish pulao for customers from all over Pakistan usually for special occasions and feasts.

Food from the Heart of the Indus Valley Sindhi Fish Pulao Machi Pulao (2023)SOCH Outreach Foundation

Watch our film about Hakim Zadi's story and see how she makes fish pulao.

Piece of fish with masala on top, in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Fish being fried in a frying pan, in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Shot of Fish Dish, in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Step 1: Soak 1 kilo of rice in water.
Step 2: Add 400g of ghee to a deep pot.
Step 3: Add 1 bag of garam masala.
Step 4: Add 1 onion sliced and saute until onions are brown.
Step 5: Add 3 tbsp of red chilli powder and half a cup of water.
Step 6: Slowly add in 1 chopped green chilli and 5 diced tomatoes. 
Step 7: 1 tbsp of salt to taste.
Step 8: Slowly add the marinated fish to the masala.

Adding spices, in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Vegetables, in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Fish in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Step 9: Chop 1 green garlic into the mix and place the fish on top.
Step 10: Add 3 tsp of crushed dry cilantro and cumin.
Step 11: Cover the pot and cook for 2-3 minutes.
Step 12: Take the fish out of the pot and rest it on a flat dish.
Step 13: Add 1 litre of water to the masala pot and cover until boiling.

Stirring rice in pot, in Mohenjodaro (2023)SOCH Outreach Foundation

Hakim Zadi starts her day early at 6 am, preparing food for customers as well as for her family.

Rice going into pot, in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Letting rice cook, in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Step 14: Slowly add the rice to the pot and mix with the masala.
Step 15: Add 2 tbsp of salt.
Step 16: Cover the pot and leave on the stove until the water evaporates. 
Step 17: Stir in 3-4 more tsp of pounded cilantro and cumin.
Step 18: Slowly add in the fish that had been set aside earlier.

Cooking rice, in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Putting coriander, in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Step 19: Garnish with a handful of cilantro leaves on top.
Step 20: Cover the top of the pot with a damp cloth and add the lid to the pot after cooking the food for 10 minutes (Remove the fish after a while and do the same).

Serve the pulao on a platter topped with the fish.

Lotus Root (Bhe), in Mohenjodaro (2023)SOCH Outreach Foundation

Lotus Root Stew (Bhe ka Salan)

The lotus root, known as 'bhae' in Sindhi and 'kanwal kakri' in Urdu, is an indigenous vegetable grown in interior Sindh and used widely in Sindhi and Kashmiri cuisine. It is grown in mud and is known for its crunchy, wooden texture.

Food from the Heart of the Indus Valley Lotus Root Stew Bhe Ka Salan (2023)SOCH Outreach Foundation

See how Hakim Zadi makes a delcious dish with lotus root.

Lotus Root (Bhe), in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Vegetables, in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Spices, in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Shot of lotus root dish, in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Hakim Zadi boils ½ kg of lotus root and cooks in hot oil, flavoring with chopped tomatoes, onions, green chilis, red chili powder, garam masala, cumin seeds, and turmeric. The dish is garnished with cilantro leaves before plating.

Picture of family with cart, in Mohenjodaro (2023)SOCH Outreach Foundation

Semolina Pudding Suji Ka Halwa

Picture of Halwa, in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Halwa, in Mohenjodaro, 2023, From the collection of: SOCH Outreach Foundation
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Food from the Heart of the Indus Valley Semolina Pudding Suji Ka Halwa (2023)SOCH Outreach Foundation

Picture of lady, in Mohenjodaro (2023)SOCH Outreach Foundation

Hakim Zadi runs her cooking business with dedication and is hopeful for the future of Sindhi cuisine and culture in Pakistan.

Credits: Story

Produced by SOC Films 

Creative Director: Sharmeen Obaid Chinoy
Producer: Sameer Khan, Huma Shah
Associate Producer: Sara Sharif
Research Associate: Sara Sharif
Project Manager: Quratulain Khalid
DOP: Murtaza Ali
Second Unit DP: Khurram Victor
Photography: Murtaza Ali
Photography Editor: Murtaza Ali
First Camera: Khurram Victor
Second Camera: Shayan Gill
Exhibit Writers: Samar Ather
Exhibits: Sameer Nazim
Video Editor: Jason Liao, Azeem Charania
Colour Grade: Jason Liao, Azeem Charania
Sound Design: Sameer Khan

Credits: All media
The story featured may in some cases have been created by an independent third party and may not always represent the views of the institutions, listed below, who have supplied the content.
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