Power and Women in Rwandan History: The Story of Nyagakecuru
Learn about the story of Nyagakecuru and gender equality in Rwanda.
Women and power
Women have always held significant roles in Rwandan culture, beyond child-rearing. Women played crucial roles in governance, exemplified by the Queen Mother's position alongside the King. This powerful figure offered political, economic, and social guidance.
The story of Nyagakecuru
Though often nicknamed Nyagakecuru, Benginzage was a powerful ruler of the Bungwe kingdom (now Huye and Nyaruguru districts) during the 16th century. She fiercely resisted Rwandan expansion after her husband Samukende's death.
Digital illustration of Nyagakecuru.PNG by Odile UweraRwanda Cultural Heritage Academy
The palace of Nyagakecuru
Nyagakecuru, atop Mount Huye, resided amongst Acanthus montanus species (Bear’s breech or Mountain thistle). Her home guarded by both soldiers and, legend claims, a python.
The palace at the top of the mountain
Historically, rulers like kings and chiefs often resided atop mountains for strategic control and defense. This made them difficult or impossible to attack, as Nyagakecuru's army benefited from on several occasions.
Young Dancers initiationOriginal Source: Rwanda Cultural Heritage Academy
Military organization of Nyagakecuru's army
The Kinglet of Nyagakecuru was militarily organized. His army was divided into two units, a protection unit, and a supporting unit in case the first was defeated.
Friendship with Ruganzu II Ndoli, a betrayal from friend
Ruganzu feigned friendship with Nyagakecuru, showering her with goats. These goats, however, devoured the bear's breech and, legend says, scared away the python, leaving Nyagakecuru vulnerable to his attack.
Digital illustration of Ruganzu by Odile UweraRwanda Cultural Heritage Academy
Nyagakecuru's army resistance
Despite two attacks, one on Nyagakecuru and another on her reinforcements, Ruganzu failed to conquer her. His son, Mutara I Semugeshi, achieved what his father couldn't, defeating Nyagakecuru and annexing her kingdom to Rwanda.
Parliament leaders by Parliament of RwandaRwanda Cultural Heritage Academy
Nyagakecuru's story and gender equality in Rwanda
Rwandan women once shared power in building their nation, but colonialism confined them to home. Recognizing their strength, the post-genocide government empowered them again, placing women at decision-making tables across the country.
Content development: Chantal Umuhoza
Curatorial layout: Chantal Umuhoza
Illustration: Odile Uwera
Field trip: Huye city trail
References: Un Abrege de l'Ethno - Histoire du Rwanda
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