Futbolista sentado escalera de pirámide (1986) by Annie LeibovitzFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
Images of Soccer
Why are we drawn to soccer? Why is it enjoyable? Its draw and enjoyment may be due, in part, to the fact that we are – as Johan Huizinga said – "homo ludens".
Sombra atlantes de Tula (1986) by Annie LeibovitzFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
We are beings who play, but who also have fun and feel pleasure in watching others play. Those who watch soccer often become fans of certain shirts and numbers – not to mention teams and players.
This is how the figure of the fan is born, wrapped in the club flag or with their face painted in the colors of their team's shirt and always celebrating in the plural: "What a thrashing we gave them, what a beating we gave them." This sense of belonging can be another reason why people enjoy soccer.
We are also drawn to the uncertainty of what can happen during a game. Faced with the question "What is the fate of a match?", soccer player and coach Josef 'Sepp' Herberger said: "[...] 'the ball is round,' as if everything depended on chance or the will of God on the field" (Juan Villoro, p. 37). Chance or fate that we cannot control, because anything could happen on the field due to the intervention of karma, spells, talismans, and gods.
Soccer's popularity may also be due to its simplicity and 'democratic' nature. The objective of the game is clear: to score in the opponent's goal and prevent them from scoring in ours. It is democratic, as Franco Bavoni says, "[...] in the sense that it is not an 'anatomical tyranny,' [...] a short player can be Diego Maradona and a tall one Franz Beckenbauer. […] Tall, short, sturdy, and thin, everyone can play soccer."
Olga Breeskin, madrina del equipo América (1972-07-09) by Fotógrafo no identificadoFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
For these reasons and surely others too, people enjoy soccer. This exhibition retrieves moments and personalities of soccer in Mexico.
Escenas de dos partidos de futbol by Fotógrafos no identificadosFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
It remind us of when the soccer clubs of Asturias and Spain existed; 'Dumbo' López, Horacio Casarín, Enrique Borja, Hugo Sánchez, Pelé, and Maradona played; and Mexico hosted the World Cups of 1970 and 1986.
Futbolista manos con balón (1986) by Annie LeibovitzFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
THE BALL. "They call it by many names: the sphere, the round, the tool, the globe, the ball, the projectile. […] The Brazilians call it gordita, gorduchinha, they call it nena, menina, and they give it names like Maricota, Leonor, or Margarita." Eduardo Galeano.
Enrique Borja, futbolista mexicano, en su tienda de deportes (1977) by Raúl AnayaFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
Enrique Borja – wrote Jomi García Ascot – "[...] turns out to be even for me the most imaginative, daring, reckless, and aesthete forward that Mexican soccer has produced. […] Yes, I know he was clumsy with the ball, as was one of the greatest scorers in history in his time: Isidro Lángara. So what? He scored improbable, outlandish, and sometimes – I still believe – impossible goals."
Jugadora amateur y jugador del Pachuca by Fotógrafos no identificadosFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
Contraportada de la revista Futbol (1976) by Fotógrafo no identificadoFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
THE SHIRT. "Sometimes a passion for soccer begins with supporting a shirt, regardless of who wears it. Fans of an epidermal tendency are not captivated by the spirit but by the appearance of their team. Fans of certain stripes and not others." Juan Villoro.
Imágenes de equipos del futbol mexicano by Fotógrafos no identificadosFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
THE TEAM. " […] Eleven men in shorts are the sword of the neighborhood, the city, or the nation. These warriors without weapons or armor exorcise the demons of the crowd [...]." Eduardo Galeano.
Jugadores del Atlante durante un entrenamiento (ca. 1962) by Fotógrafo no identificadoFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
THE PLAYER. " […] "He runs, panting, along the edge. On one side await the heavens of glory; on the other, the abysses of ruin. […] Businessmen buy him, sell him, lend him; and he lets himself be carried away in exchange for the promise of more fame and more money." Eduardo Galeano.
Imágenes de futbolistas mexicanos by Fotógrafos no identificadosFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
"Choosing a team is a way of choosing how Sundays go. […] Other choices are more whimsical, like a crush on a player, an enchanting idol capable of encapsulating childhood illusions." Juan Villoro.
Los porteros Amado “Tarzán” Palacios y Raúl Landeros by Fotógrafos no identificadosFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
THE GOALKEEPER "[...] they also call him goaltender, netminder, goalie, keeper, or watchman, but he could well be called martyr, scapegoat, penitent or slapstick clown. […] He waits alone, between the three posts, for his execution." Eduardo Galeano.
Imágenes de distintos partidos de futbol, publicadas en la revista Solo Futbol by Fotógrafos no identificadosFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
"Soccer is a game that is thought with the feet to elicit from the crowd the shout that makes them happy, momentarily escaping from this world." Manuel Seyde.
Javier Barba, jugador del Guadalajara (ca. 1964) by Fotógrafo no identificadoFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
THE FAN. "Rarely does the fan say: 'My club is playing today.' Rather, he says: 'We are playing today.' This 12th player well knows that he is the one who blows the winds of fervor that push the ball when it falls asleep, […] that playing without a crowd is like dancing without music." Eduardo Galeano.
El comentarista Ángel Fernández en el palco de transmisiones para la TV by Fotógrafo no identificadoFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
THE COMMENTATOR Ángel Fernández (on the right of the image), "[…] owner of a powerful timbre, turned the most boring game into an epic: 'The ship is sinking… women and childrenfirst'." Juan Villoro.
Registros fotográficos de las intervenciones que el artista realizó en una cancha de Brasil y en el estadio Azteca para el documental “Más que un balón” (2004) by Vik MunizFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
THE STADIUM. "Have you ever entered an empty stadium? Try it. Stand in the middle of the field and listen. There is nothing less empty than an empty stadium. There is nothing less mute than stands without anyone in them." Eduardo Galeano.
Estadio Azteca (1968) by Juan Manuel CasasolaFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
The Azteca is a "[...] stadium made for soccer and only for soccer. It introduced us to a new dimension of this sport, a dimension already known in Wembley, Maracaná, River Plate, Santiago Bernabeu, Liverpool, or Hamburg." Jomi García Ascot.
WORLD CUP MEXICO 1970
On May 31, 1970, "...from the early hours of the morning, thousands of people were heading towards the Azteca Stadium to attend the opening of the ninth World Cup [...] The program opened with the parade of the flags of the 135 countries then affiliated with FIFA, followed by groups of boys representing the 16 finalists in the competition.
The arrival of the President of the Republic, Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, the opening speeches, and the appearance of the Mexican and Soviet Union teams on the field were the last prolegomena before the focus shifted to the 32 matches to be played in the great quadrennial soccer festival." World Encyclopedia of Soccer, No. 7.
Brasil vence a Italia para coronarse campeón de la Novena Copa Mundial de Futbol (1970-06-21) by Fotógrafos no identificadosFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
THE TRIUMPH. "It is often said that in soccer and other sports, what matters is not to win but to compete. Nothing could be further from the truth. What matters is to win." Ramón Xirau.
Porras en las gradas del estadio Azteca alientan al equipo brasileño (1970-06-21)Fundación Televisa Collection and Archive
THE CROWDS "[...] fill the stadiums, excited about something that not only happens on the field. Thanks to the stands, a game is loaded with superstitions, hopes, desires for revenge, colossal complexes, intricate legends." Juan Villoro.
El niño Everardo Rodríguez durante la filmación de “Futbol México 70” (1970) by Fotógrafo no identificadoFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
THE WORLD AT THEIR FEET. With this film, the whole world would see the World Cup through the eyes of a child (Everardo Rodríguez as Martín), a fan of the sport, who escapes from his home in Monterrey and whose inventiveness sees him end up in the front row at the matches.
Recorte de una revista alemana en la que aparece Franz Beckenbauer (1970) by Autor no identificadoFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
THE IDOL. "Franz Beckenbauer was the young sweeper who had dazzled in England 1966. […] In Mexico 1970, Germany lost the 'match of the century' against Italy and Beckenbauer played with a dislocated shoulder, wearing a bandage like a wounded soldier from the Great War." Juan Villoro.
Portada y contraportada de “Jugando con Pelé” (3er fascículo) (1905-05-27) by Fotógrafo no identificadoFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
Edson Arantes, better known as Pelé, "[…] at 17, was world champion and king of soccer. He hadn't yet turned 20 when the Brazilian government declared him a national treasure and prohibited his export." Eduardo Galeano.
Pirueta de Hugo Sánchez, jugador de los Pumas de la UNAM (1980) by Fotógrafo no identificadoFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
"Hugo Sánchez, the Mexican key that opened the door to those impossible paths, had achieved universal fame thanks to television, which showed the art of his goals and the somersaults with which he celebrated them." Eduardo Galeano.
Contraportada de la revista Solo futbol (1984) by Fotógrafo no identificadoFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
Diego Armando Maradona "[…] is not a fast player, a short-legged bull, but he carries the ball sewn to his foot and has eyes all over his body. His juggling arts light up the field." Eduardo Galeano.
WORLD CUP MEXICO 1986
"Many buildings without foundations had collapsed, with all the people inside, when an earthquake shook Mexico City the previous year, and much of the city was still in ruins when the 13th World Cup opened there.
Futbolistas jugando con balón (1905-06-08) by Annie LeibovitzFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
[…] Fourteen European and six American countries participated, along with Morocco, South Korea, Iran, and Algeria. In Mexico, the wave in the stands was born, which since then has often moved the fans of the world to the rhythm of the rough sea.
Chac mool (1986) by Annie LeibovitzFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
Maradona against England
Maradona avenged the patriotic pride badly wounded in the Falkland Islands with two left-handed goals: one with his left hand, which he called 'the hand of God,' and the other with his left leg, after knocking the English defense to the ground."
Eduardo Galeano.
Festejos en el Ángel. Mundial de futbol de 1986 (1986-06-03) by Marco Antonio CruzFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
In the 1986 World Cup, during the first round of Group B, Mexico defeated Belgium 2-1 with goals from Fernando Quirarte (23') and Hugo Sánchez (39').
México vs. Brasil. Torneo de la AmistadFundación Televisa Collection and Archive
Between 1950 and 2004, Mexico had played a total of 32 matches against Brazil: they had won 7 times, drawn 6, and lost 19. Now, in 'unreal' and imaginary time (or rather, reappropriated and dissociated), Mexico faces Brazil for the 33rd time. The match ends with a score of 17-0 in favor of Mexico. This video piece by Miguel Calderón was the start of a series of collaborations with contemporary artists through which Fundación Televisa reactivates and reinterprets its audiovisual heritage.
Sources of the quotes:
Jomi García Ascot, Manuel Seyde, and Ramón Xirau, Arte fotográfico futbolístico mexicano, Mexico, Rufino Tamayo Museum, 1985.
Juan Villoro, Dios es redondo, Mexico, Planeta, 2010.
Eduardo Galeano, El fútbol a sol y sombra, Mexico, Editores Siglo XXI, 2012.
Franco Bavoni, 'Los juegos del hombre. Identidad y poder en la cancha', Nexos, June 1, 2014.
Imaginario. Fundación Televisa Collection and Archive, Mexico, Editorial RM, 2016.
Archive and research: Gustavo Fuentes.
Research, texts, curation, and virtual exhibition: Cecilia Absalón Huízar.