Listing 2018

The National Heritage List for England identifies the buildings, sites and landscapes which receive special protection, so they can be enjoyed by current and future generations. In 2018, 952 new entries were added to the list. The following fourteen buildings, landscapes and monuments offer a glimpse of the depth and breadth of England's historic environment given recognition for their special significance in 2018.

The iron mining pit head at the former Florence Mine is the best surviving example in England. Work began at the site in 1913 and a second shaft was sunk in the 1940s, with the pit head opening in 1947. British Steel closed the site in 1980 but small-scale mining continued until 2006. 

The University of York was one of seven new universities established in post-war England. Its striking Central Hall was built in 1966-8 to designs by Robert Matthew, Johnson-Marshall & Partners (RMJM). The design enables the hall to be multipurpose, having retractable seating and a removable sectional stage.

The designed landscape for the University of York Campus West was laid out between 1963 and 1980. It was designed by Robert Matthew, Johnson-Marshall & Partners (RMJM) and incorporates a formal landscape belonging to Heslington Hall, a 16th century country house built for the politician Sir Thomas Eynns.

30 Coptic Street and 35 Russell Street were built in 1888 to designs by RP Wellcock for the Dairy Supply Company. This was a subsidiary of the Express Dairy Company, which by 1885 was importing fifty per cent of London's milk sourced from outside the city. 30 Coptic Street was used as a dairy and 35 Little Russell Street was used as a warehouse and laboratory until after the Second World War.

Hopkins House, was built as a private house and office for themselves by the architects Michael and Patty Hopkins. Constructed in 1975-6, the  'High-Tech' design incorporates a 2 m x 4 m structural steel grid. The architects were influenced by the Eames Case Study House of 1949.

The surviving gatehouse at Caynton was built in around 1635 for William Yonge. The associated manor house was apparently demolished or destroyed by the end of the 17th century. Principally built in red brick, the gatehouse features rooms to either side of a central passageway with two rooms above. It was later converted to farm use.

The Wing Test Hangar was built by Rolls Royce in 1944 for the testing and development of aviation engines. These included the wartime development of the Merlin engine, which was adapted for the American Mustang fighter, and the first commercially viable turboprop engine, the Dart, was tested here.

In the 1880s a new harbour and two piers were constructed at the fishing town of Newlyn. The South Pier was extended in the early 20th century and a tidal observatory built next to a new lighthouse. The observatory was one of three constructed at the request of the Ordnance Survey to establish Mean Sea Level.

The subway, vestibule, terrace and stairs were built in 1865 to link a new train station directly to the entrance of the Crystal Palace. The original Crystal Palace was built to house the Great Exhibition that took place in Hyde Park in 1851. It was later dismantled and rebuilt at Sydenham Hill. The subway was originally listed Grade II in 1972 and has been upgraded to Grade II*.

Charlton Assembly Rooms, a community hall, was built in 1881. It was designed by J Rowland in the Jacobean Revival style. Its construction was funded by the wealthy benefactor, Sir Spencer Maryon-Wilson, who lived in the nearby Grade I listed Charlton House. The decoration of the Assembly Rooms features his family Coat of Arms.

Cattle troughs were once commonplace in Britain. The Metropolitan Drinking Fountain and Cattle Trough Association was established in 1859 to provide free drinking water and was responsible for over 1,000 troughs. A large number of these have now been lost. The example in Spaniards Road, Hampstead is believed to have been erected in 1916, making it a late example of its type.

A railway line between York and Darlington opened in 1841, and by 1843 a station had opened at Otterington. Most of the station buildings were demolished an replaced in 1932-3 as part of a widening scheme that increased the line to four tracks. The new buildings were designed by Robert Alexander Darling, who worked at the Architects' Section of the London North Eastern Railway, based at York.